Blue Carbon Mangrove Restoration in South Clarendon

Key Challenges and Underlying Threats

Based on a baseline assessment (2021–2023), the project identified the following drivers of

mangrove degradation:

1. Hurricanes (2004, 2007, 2012): Uprooted trees and deposited sediments, blocking water channels and disrupting tidal flushing.

2. Decline in freshwater flow: Triggered by the virtual cessation of flooding irrigation for sugarcane cultivation, compounded by blocked and garbage-filled channels.

3. Infrastructure development: Roads and railways disrupted natural water flow, worsening the impact of storms.

4. Land use change: A shrimp farm at Knighties Pond disrupted surface water flow and led to sediment buildup.

5. Reduced groundwater levels: Driven by drought and water extraction, leading to hypersaline soil conditions.

6. Freshwater ponding: Caused by discontinued pumping at Salt River and groundwater abstraction for irrigation.

7. Charcoal production: Mangrove trees were cut for fuel, accelerating forest loss.

   
   

Restoration Approach

The project is grounded in nature-based solutions, with an emphasis on supporting the natural regeneration of mangroves. Restoration activities include:

• Reopening blocked freshwater channels to restore surface water flow.

• Reopening sea channels to reintroduce tidal flushing and saltwater exchange.

• Installing culverts to restore hydrological connectivity where roads have disrupted natural flow.

• Encouraging seedling dispersal from healthy donor trees using the area’s natural water movement.
  

Project Goals

• Medium-Term Goal (in 5 years): Restore 50% of historical mangrove cover in targeted areas.

• Long-Term Goal (10+ years): Achieve 70% recovery of degraded mangrove ecosystems.

• Strengthen biodiversity, ecosystem services, and community livelihoods throughout the restoration zone.